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Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials used in their production helps consumers make informed choices. This article explores the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials.

Core Absorbent Layer Materials

The core absorbent layer is the most critical component of a sanitary pad. It typically consists of:

• Fluff Pulp: A wood-based material that provides excellent liquid absorption and retention
• Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): Polyacrylate-based materials that can absorb many times their weight in liquid
• Bleached Cotton: Sometimes used as a natural alternative to fluff pulp

Top Sheet Materials

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. Common materials include:

• Nonwoven Polypropylene: Soft, breathable, and allows quick liquid penetration

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• Perforated Film: Provides a dry surface feel while allowing liquid to pass through
• Cotton Cover: Used in premium products for enhanced comfort and breathability

Back Sheet Materials

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture contained. Materials used include:

• Polyethylene Film: Provides an effective moisture barrier
• Breathable Microporous Film: Allows vapor transmission while blocking liquid
• Biodegradable Films: Eco-friendly alternatives made from plant-based materials

Adhesive Components

Sanitary pads use several types of adhesives:

• Pressure-sensitive Adhesive: For securing the pad to underwear
• Hot Melt Adhesive: Used in manufacturing to bond layers together
• Release Paper: Protects the adhesive before use

Additional Components

Modern sanitary pads may also include:

• Odor Control Agents: Such as activated charcoal or baking soda
• Wetness Indicators: Color-changing materials that show when to change
• Aloe Vera or Vitamin E: Added for skin comfort benefits

Material Properties and Performance

The effectiveness of a sanitary pad depends on several material properties:

• Absorbency: Capacity to hold liquid without leakage
• Retention: Ability to keep liquid locked in under pressure
• Breathability: Allows air circulation to prevent discomfort
• Softness: Comfort against sensitive skin
• Flexibility: Ability to conform to body movements

Manufacturers continually innovate with new materials to improve performance, comfort, and environmental sustainability. Understanding these raw materials helps consumers select products that best meet their needs while being aware of potential sensitivities or environmental impacts.