# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials commonly used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the absorbent core, top sheet, back sheet, and adhesive layers. Each of these components is made from specific raw materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the pad.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Fluff pulp is a highly absorbent material derived from wood fibers, while SAP is a synthetic polymer that can absorb many times its weight in liquid.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying. Common materials used for the top sheet include non-woven fabrics made from polypropylene or polyethylene. These materials are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, providing a barrier to prevent leakage. It is usually made from a thin, flexible plastic film, such as polyethylene or polypropylene. This layer is impermeable to liquids, ensuring that menstrual fluid does not seep through to clothing.

### Adhesive Layers

Adhesive layers are used to secure the sanitary pad in place within the underwear. These layers are typically made from pressure-sensitive adhesives that are safe for skin contact. The adhesive must be strong enough to hold the pad in place but gentle enough to be removed without causing irritation or leaving residue.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and user comfort.

### Absorbency

High absorbency is a critical property for the materials used in the absorbent core. Fluff pulp and SAP work together to quickly absorb and retain menstrual fluid, preventing leakage and keeping the user dry.

### Softness and Comfort

The top sheet must be soft and gentle on the skin to prevent irritation and discomfort. Non-woven fabrics made from polypropylene or polyethylene are ideal due to their soft texture and breathability.

### Leakage Prevention

The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leakage. Polyethylene and polypropylene films are commonly used because they provide an effective barrier while remaining flexible and comfortable.

### Adhesive Strength

The adhesive used in sanitary pads must strike a balance between strong hold and gentle removal. Pressure-sensitive adhesives are designed to adhere securely to fabric without causing skin irritation or leaving sticky residue.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads play a vital role in determining the product’s performance, comfort, and safety. By understanding the composition and properties of these materials, manufacturers can produce high-quality sanitary pads that meet the needs of users worldwide. From the absorbent core to the adhesive layers, each component is carefully selected to ensure optimal functionality and user satisfaction.